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rif;odygw,f vlawGu
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rif;u 'DtaMumif;udkawG;aevdrfhr,f igbmaMumifh
ig cspfwJholudkyJvkyfcsif&wmvJvkdY rif;awG;aevdrfhr,f
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tJh'dtpm; rif;tJh'dwpfa,mufeJY
cspfae&wmudkeSpfoufw,f 'Dawmh tJh'dwpfa,mufuvnf;
b,fawmhrSppfrSefwJhwpfa,mufjzpfrSmr[kwfbl; olu rif;jzpfoifhwJhqdkwJhtawG;xJu,lqxm;wJhwpfa,mufyJ
'gu pdwfuvkyfaqmifaewmyJ
rif;uoem;p&maumif;wJhaumifyJ a*s
igu &dk;om;wJhvlwpfa,mufyJ
yDwD ulnDNyD;ajz&Sif;ay;ygtkef;
ig prf;oyfrIwpfckvkyfcJhw,f &THUAGuftdkif prf;oyfrIvkdYac:w,f
[kwfw,f ighaumifrav;eJYvrf;avQmufoGm;NyD;awmh
olavQmfvJatmifwpfckckpDrH&r,f
wpfckckpDrH&r,f[kwfvm; yDwD rif;bmawGajymaewmvJ
r[kwfbl; igtwnfajymaewm
'DrSm xGufay:vmwJh&v'feSpfck&Sdw,f
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rdef;raumif;wpfa,mufuawmh 'Dtjzpftysufudk tNrJwrf;&,farmaerSmyJ [kwfw,frvm;
'gayr,fh rif;vufxyfr,fhrdef;uav;uawmh
ol rif;udkyg tJh'da&AGuftdkifxJqGJcsvdrfhr,f
b,fvdktvkyfjzpfvJ
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rif;eJYjzpfwJhaumifrav;awGtm;vHk;udk AGuftdkifxJ wGef;csaewmrsdK;vm;
r[kwfygbl; &l;vkdufwm igwdkYwGJaewJhtcsdefrSm &cJhwJh
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oabmusr,fqdkwmukdig pOf;pm;aewmyg
bufwf ua&m
ig bmrSudkxyfrodawmhbl;
rif;ua&m tef'&D
igvm; igtefemudkcspfw,fav
tefem qdkwmub,folvJ
ol e,l;a&mufcfrSmaewm
'gayr,fh &dkqmu rif;&JUaumifrav;vdkY igxifxm;cJhwm
r[kwfbl; tefemu olU&JUwu,fhaumifrav;yJ
'Dawmh tefemu a&mtjcm;a,musfm;awGeJUtdyfvm;
rtdyfbl; rif;b,fvdkodwmvJ
olu rdef;raumif;wpfa,mufyg
'gayr,fh rif;uawmhtdyfw,fav
igu raumif;wJhaumifyJav
NyD;awmh rif;olUudkcspfvm;
tcspfqdkwmu oufawmifhoufomjzpfwmyJ tenf;qHk;ightwGufawmh oufawmifhoufomjzpfwmyJ
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'gu 'DrD;jcpfav;vdkyJ
'D rD;jcpfav;u
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ol olU&JUrD;jcpfudkydkcspfw,f
ig rD;jcpfvdktyfw,fav
olu wpfa,mufaomolyJ
wpfa,mufaomoludk&SmzdkYtxdrf;trSwfeJY csD;,m;vkyfvdkufMu&atmif
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tif; ig
tif; ajyygw,f
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rif; *l ukdjyefaewmvm;
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ig ay;vdkufyghr,f
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'DtrsdK;orD;utxkwftydk;awGtrsm;MuD;eJY igwGJcJhzl;wJh
trsdK;orD;wpfa,mufygyJ
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tcspfudkvdkuf&SmaewmvdkY tJh'daumifuajymw,f
aumif;NyD 'gu igcspfolwpfa,mufvdkaew,fqdkwJh rodpdwf&JU azmfjycsufudk
iga&;aewmvnf; jzpfedkifwmyJ eif 'gudkpOf;pm;zl;vm;
aumif;NyD eifajymwmrSm;w,f eif erdwfyHkawGudk &Sm&r,f
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eifhudkajymif;vJedkifr,fh t&mawG
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tjyifoGm;wdkif; xyfcgxyfcg
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eifvdkrsdK;yJ aEG&moDtm;vyf&ufxGufvmwJh
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eifa&m tJhvdkjzpfcJhwmvm;
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tif; 'guxl;qef;w,f
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ig ae&moDtyef;ajzc&D;oGm;cJhzdkY qkawmif;rdygw,f
iga&myJ
eif &Sef0dkufqGJaqmmifrIudk&SmawGUcJhw,fqdkwm igr,HkMunfedkifbl;
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vlwpfa,muf&Sdvm;vdkY igpOf;pm;aewm
bmjzpfoGm;ao;vJ
tqifajy&JUvm;
eifu aMumifawmifawmifaumifyJ
bmvJ 'guerdefjycJhwmyJ
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rif; aumifrav;twGufyef;0,fwmvm;
r[kwfygbl; aumifrav;r[kwfygbl;
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0,frSmvm;
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aus;Zl;trsm;MuD;wifygw,f
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bm
eif igh&JUwuúpDudkxGufoGm;atmifvkyfwmyJ
wuúpD vGJatmifeifhudk,feifvkyfwmygaemf
eifbmawGajymaewmvJ eifudk,feifajrSmufraeeJY
eifhudkerf;&wm igh&JUtpfudkudkerf;ae&ovdkrsdK;yJ
wu,fvm; eifudkerf;&wm igh&JUtarhudkerf;ae&ovdkyJ
eifhudk erf;&wmigh&JUtzdk;udkerf;ae&ovdkyJ
NyD;awmh oluaooGm;NyD
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eifhudkerf;&wmu vHk;0ukdarhaysmufoGm;apwmyJ
arhaysmufoGm;apwmvm;
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xawmh xawmh
bmvJ bmMuD;vJ
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igwdkY *l uaeajymif;vmcJhwmyg
aumif;NyD 'gupdwfysufp&myJ
'gu wu,fudkt"dutcsufyJ 'gayr,fh rif;odygw,f 'D[m
ig olUudkbmajym&rvJqdkwmrodbl;
igvnf;olYudkoabmuswmyJ 'gayr,fh igolUudkMudKufwmvm;
NyD;awmh igolUudkwu,fcspfwJhtwGufoabmuswmvm;
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ig 'Dvkdtzsm;&I;aewmvm;
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uRefawmfolUudkoabmusw,f
tif; aumif;w,f
igvnf;olUudkoabmuswmyJ
cifAsm;olUudkMudKufaew,fqdkwm olUudkajymoifhw,f
wu,fvm; 'guaumif;rGefwJh tMuHwpfckvdkYxifvm;
a[h
awmif;yefygw,f eifb,foGm;aewmvJ
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tdkau igeifhudkcPavmufpum;ajymvdkY&rvm;
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'gu enf;enf;&IyfaxG;whJyHkpHyJ
tdkau ig eifhudkpum;ajymzdkYtqifajywJh
tcsdefus&ifzkef;qufvdkufr,fqdk&ifa&mb,fvdkvJ tqifajyvm;
-tif; tdkauygw,f -aumif;NyD
tdkau eifhudkaemufrSmyJajymawmhr,f bdkif;
aoprf;
a[h wufpf wufpf a[h a[h
wufpf aetkef; apmifhtkef; apmifhtkef;
a[h a[h wufpf
aoprf;
a[h tJh'dum;aemufudkvdkufay;edkifrvm;
a[h 'DrSmqif;rSmvm;
rqif;ao;ygbl; a&SUbavmufeSpfckavmufvdkao;w,f
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r[kwfbl; igawG;aewmu igvnf;rodbl; rif;tjyifoGm;oifhw,f
'Dawmh rif;wdkYaumifawGbmvkyfMurvdkYvJ
ighudkowd&apwJh aumhawvf;aomufzdkY igwdkY 'DudkvmcJhMuwm
igh&JUjyifopfpum;udk em;rvnfbl;qdk&if cPem;vdkuf
eif bmompum;eSpfrsdK;ajymwwfwmudkrodcJhbl;
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olUudkvufxyfzdkYtwGuf b,fwpfa,mufu uHxl;&SiftrsdK;om;jzpfrvJ
NyD;awmh [efeD;rGef;c&D;pOftwGuf olUudk umbdkudkwpfywfac:oGm;&r,f
'g igwkdY&JU&dI;yJ
[kwfw,f igwdkY&JU&dI;yJ
'Dawmh eif ighudkbmajymcsifwmvJ
eif bmudkajymwmvJ
apmapmu eifighudkpum;ajymp&m&Sdw,fqdk
[kwfw,f tm; ig
eif t&ifubm;rSmtvkyfvkyfcJhzl;vm;
cPavmufaygh bmjzpfvdkYvJ
eif igh&JUtvkyfwpfckavmufvkyfay;edkifrvm;vdkY odcsifcJhwmyg
igu pma&;wJhtvkyfeJYwif rtm;rvyfjzpfaewmav
wu,fvm; 'gyJvm;
tif;
tdkau
tm;vHk;tqifajyvm;vdkY igqpf'fudkajymNyD;awmh Munfhxm;vdkufyghr,f
tqifajyr,fqdkwm aocsmygw,f
-aumif;w,f -aumif;w,f
aumif;w,f
'Dawmh rif;b,fvkdxifvJ
bmudkvJ
igwdkY yxrqHk;tMudrfcsdef;awGUcJhMuwmav
rjzpfedkifwm rif;wdkYeSpfa,mufuvm;
[kwfw,f tqifajyw,fajyeJYyJvdkYxifwmyJ
[kwfw,f eif ighudkzrf;pm;edkifygw,f
'Dawmh b,fvdkvJ
igh&JUtcspfqHk;oli,fcsif;eSpfa,mufu twlwlwGJaeMuwmvm;
bmtwGuf ar;ae&wmvJ
rdkufw,f
aumif;w,f
vHk;0yJ
'Dawmh
rif; 'Dnvkyfp&mr&Sdbl;vm;
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rif; raemufuscsifavmufygbl;aemf
tif; aemufrSawGUMur,f ighaumifwdkY ig rif;udkvmac:r,f
tif; uHaumif;ygap
tif; tdkau
tif; uHaumif;ygap
ig wGJcJhzl;wJh vmwDedk aumifrav;udkrSwfrdao;vm;
-rif; tvDum udkajymwmvm; -[kwfw,f tJh'dwpfa,mufyJ
rif;odygw,f igolUudkacgif;rdk;ay:udk wpfckac:oGm;cJhzl;w,f
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'Dvdk t&mrsdK;u bmyJjzpfjzpf 'gudkrSwfxm;yg
oef;acgif,Hu igwdkY&SdaewJhae&mudkcsnf;enf;0ifa&mufvmw,f
NyD;awmh jrdKUwpfckvHk;udk pdk;rdk;xm;wJh
{&mrMuD;rm;wJh vMuD;wpfpif;uvnf;&Sdaew,f
NyD;awmh olU&JUqHyifav;awGudkvTifhyg&Hk
wdkufcdkufaewJh avnif;av;vnf;wdkufcdkufaew,f
'gu wu,fudkjynfhpHkaewmyJ
NyD;awmh ighudkcefYrSef;cGifhay;rvm; wdkufay:u tJh'dae&m tJh'dtcsdefrSm
ol rif;udkrIwfay;cJhwmvm;
r[kwfbl; ighaumif tJhvdkrsdK;r[kwfcJhbl;
'gu tcdkuftwefYav;wpfckyJav rif;odw,frvm; jynfhpHkwJhtcdkuftwefYav;av
tJh'D naecif;av;a&m
igwdkYab;rSm&SdaewJht&mtm;vHk;uvnf; jynfpHkaecJhwmav ig 'gudkodw,f
ol odw,f NyD;awmh tJh'dtcdkuftwefYav;rSm
tcdkuftwefYav;wpfckyJaemf
ig olUudkcspfw,fvdkYxifcJhw,f
rif; olUudktJh'gudkajymjycJhvm;
rajymbl; igolUudkrajymjycJhbl;
-bmjzpfvdkYvJ -ig rvkyfcJhbl;
bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh tJh'dtcdkuftwefYav; a&mufvmwkef;uvdkyJ jrefjrefqefqefaysmufuG,foGm;cJhw,f
NyD;awmh igtJh'daumifrav;udkrcspfbl;qdkwm odcJhw,f ig tJh'dtcdkuftwefYav;udkyJcspfwm
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aumif;NyD igtefemeJYrqHkcifxdaygh
rif; tefemeJYa&mjynhfpHkwJhtcdkuftwefYav;r&cJhbl;vm;
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ig tJh'djynfhpHkwJhtcdkuftwefYawGudkawmifrawG;cJhbl;
tJh'gudk&SmazGzdkYvnf; wpfcgrSrMudK;pm;cJhbl;
tJh'daemuf igtJh'dtaMumif;udkawG;rdawmh' ig 'gudkem;vnfcJh&w,f
ig olUudkcspfaewJhtwGufaMumifh tefemeJY ig&cJhwJhtcdkuftwefYwdkif;[m
vHk;0udkjynfhpHkaewmyJ
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raysmufqHk;wJht&mqdkwmigodcJhw,f
'gqdk tckrif;oleJYbmaMumifhtwlrae&wmvJ
olu olu olue,l;a&mufcfrSmav
NyD;awmh igutefvfatudkajymif;cJhw,f
tif; 'gayr,fh rif;&JUjynfhpHkwJhtcdkuftwefYav;awGuawmh tjyifrSm&Sdw,f
rif;udkapmifharQmfaew,f aumifav;
tif;
vlqdk; vlaumif;
b,folu vlaumif;vkyfrSmvJ
rif;vkyfayghaumifav;
b,fvdkvJ
[kwfw,f eifhudk
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rdef;uav;wpfa,mufqdkwmudkvmajymwmyg
a[h tm;vHk;tqifajyae&JUvm;
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a[h ighudkMurf;wrf;atmifrvkyfygeJY ighaumif
em;axmif acG;rom; ig uawmh
uRefroabmaygufNyD
vlqdk; vlaumif;
aus;Zl;wifygw,f
tif; tdrfa&mufrSmyJawGUMu&atmif
ig t&rf;udkt&Suf&cJhwmyJ
NyD;awmh uRefremrnfu uwf yg
uRefrvnf;rodbl; &SifeJYae&wm uRefrwu,fudktqifajyw,f
uRefr &Sifhudkt&mtm;vHk;ajymjyaewJhyHkyJ
'Dawmh uRefr'D[meJYpD;arQmvdkufawmhr,f
uRefr tawGUtMuHKqdkwJhpum;udkajymawmhr,f
bm rl;,pfaq;0g;vkdt&mrsdK;vm;
r[kwfbl; vdifudpöawGvdkrsdK;
eif vdifqufqHrItrsm;MuD;vkyfcJhwmrsdK;vm;
trsm;tm;jzifhuawmh edrfhedrfhcscs vkyfcJh&wmrsdK;awGyg
'gu uRefrrajymwmawmfawmfMumaeNyDjzpfwJh
&l;oGyfzG,f&mtaMumif;t&mawGyJ
bk&m;a& 'gu&SifhtwGuft&rf;rsm;vGef;aeNyDvm; awmif;yefygw,f
uRefr 'gudktNrJvkyfw,f odyfrMumcifyJ uRefr xkwfazmfajymavH&Sdw,f
r[kwfygbl; r[kwfygbl; ig em;vnfygw,f
'gu eifb,favmufawmifrSxkwfazmfajymMum;csifpdwf&SdvJ
NyD;awmh eifudk,feifaemufqHk; xkwfazmfajymMum;cJhvJ
uRefr 'gudkoabmusw,f
r[kwfao;bl;
eifbmvkyfaewmvJ
uRefr &SihfudkwufpD;awmhr,f
ig wpfckavmufajymvdkY&rvm;
r[kwfygbl;
ig eifhudkoabmusw,f
igu pdwfa&m*gjzpfaewmvdkrsdK; eifhudkrxifapcsifbl;
'grSr[kwf wpfckckaygh 'gayr,fh 'DrSmtaMumif;t&mwpfck&Sdao;w,fqdkwmudkigajym&Jw,f
eifod&JUvm; NyDawmh igwu,fudkvkyfcsifygw,f
igpOf;pm;aewmu igwdkYvkyfr,fht&mu 'gayr,fh
igwdkY'gudkvkyfr,fqdk&if
pum;qufrajymeJYawmh
tdkau igwdkY'gudkvkyfr,fqdk&if
eSpfMudrfajrmufawGUqHkrIqdkwm&Sdaetkef;rSmvm;
igvnf;rodbl; 'gudkcsdef;awGUrI trSwfpOfwpfvdkYajym&rSmvm;
eifbmudkawG;aervJqdkwmukdkvnf;igrodbl;
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